Advanced Impact Resistance Design Through 3D-Printed Concrete Technology (2025-07)¶
, Ren Juanjuan, Zhang Shihao, Guo Yipu, , ,
Journal Article - Journal of Building Engineering, No. 113533
Abstract
The emerging technology of 3D-printed concrete (3DPC) is driving a revolution in the construction industry. This paper provides a comprehensive review of how 3DPC technology can be harnessed to enhance the impact resistance of concrete structures. The typical composition of 3DPC, which includes a high binder content blended with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) of high pozzolanic activity, limited coarse aggregate size, and various types of fibers, combined with a low water-to-binder ratio, forms the foundation for developing impact-resistant concrete structures. Novel design concepts such as bio-inspired structures, topology optimization, and functional gradients, grounded in a new theoretical framework, offer fresh insights into achieving superior impact resistance. The inherent flexibility of 3DPC technology shows promising potential for constructing a new generation of impact-resistant structures, characterized by complex and uniquely designed internal architectures based on these innovative concepts.
¶
92 References
- Ahmed Zeeshan, Bos Freek, Brunschot Maikel, Salet Theo (2020-02)
On-Demand Additive Manufacturing of Functionally Graded Concrete - Arunothayan Arun, Nematollahi Behzad, Ranade Ravi, Bong Shin et al. (2021-02)
Fiber-Orientation Effects on Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Formed by 3D Printing - Bai Gang, Wang Li, Wang Fang, Ma Guowei (2022-12)
Assessing Printing Synergism in a Dual 3D Printing System for Ultra-High-Performance Concrete In-Process Reinforced Cementitious Composite - Bai Meiyan, Xiao Jianzhuang, Ding Tao, Yu Kequan (2024-12)
Interfacial Bond-Properties Between 3D Printed Engineered Cementitious Composite and Post-Cast Concrete - Chen Yu, Figueiredo Stefan, Li Zhenming, Chang Ze et al. (2020-03)
Improving Printability of Limestone-Calcined-Clay-Based Cementitious Materials by Using Viscosity-Modifying Admixture - Chen Yu, He Shan, Zhang Yu, Wan Zhi et al. (2021-08)
3D Printing of Calcined-Clay-Limestone-Based Cementitious Materials - Chen Meng, Yu Kanghao, Zhang Tong, Wang Yuting (2025-01)
Characterizing and Modelling the Bond-Slip-Behavior of Steel-Bars in 3D Printed Engineered Cementitious Composites - Chen Yidong, Zhang Yunsheng, Pang Bo, Liu Zhiyong et al. (2021-05)
Extrusion-Based 3D Printing Concrete with Coarse Aggregate:
Printability and Direction-Dependent Mechanical Performance - Chen Yuning, Zhang Yamei, Xie Yudong, Zhang Zedi et al. (2022-09)
Unraveling Pore-Structure Alternations in 3D Printed Geopolymer Concrete and Corresponding Impacts on Macro-Properties - Cuevas Villalobos Karla, Chougan Mehdi, Martin Falk, Ghaffar Seyed et al. (2021-05)
3D Printable Lightweight Cementitious Composites with Incorporated Waste-Glass-Aggregates and Expanded Microspheres:
Rheological, Thermal and Mechanical Properties - Deng Zhicong, Jia Zijian, Zhang Chao, Wang Zhibin et al. (2022-10)
3D Printing Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Prepared with Shell-Packing-Aggregate Method:
Printability, Mechanical Properties and Pore-Structure - Dey Dhrutiman, Srinivas Dodda, Panda Biranchi, Suraneni Prannoy et al. (2022-02)
Use of Industrial Waste-Materials for 3D Printing of Sustainable Concrete:
A Review - Ding Tao, Peng Zechen, Dong Haining (2025-05)
Mechanical Properties of CFRP Grid Reinforced 3D Printed Concrete Arch Structures - Dong Enlai, Jia Zijian, Jia Lutao, Rao Suduan et al. (2024-10)
Modeling Fiber-Alignment in 3D Printed Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Based on Stereology-Theory - Dong Liang, Yang Yekai, Liu Zhongxian, Ren Quanchang et al. (2022-07)
Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of 3D Printed Ultra-High-Performance Concrete after Elevated Temperatures - Fan Dingqiang, Zhu Jinyun, Fan Mengxin, Lu Jianxian et al. (2023-04)
Intelligent Design and Manufacturing of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete:
A Review - Gribonval Alice, Pierre Maxime, Ducoulombier Nicolas, Sab Karam et al. (2025-05)
Multi-Physics Modelling of 3D-Printed Concrete Evolution in Environmental Conditions - Gu Yucun, Zheng Shuyi, Ma Hongyan, Long Wujian et al. (2024-05)
Effect of Absorption Kinetics of Superabsorbent Polymers on Printability and Inter-Layer Bond of 3D Printing Concrete - Guan Jingyuan, Wang Li, Huang Yimiao, Ma Guowei (2024-12)
3D Printed Concrete Composite Slabs Fabricated by Pre-Stressed Reinforced Permanent Formwork:
Design, Manufacturing, and Performance - Hassan Amer, Alomayri Thamer, Noaman Mohammed, Zhang Chunwei (2025-01)
3D Printed Concrete for Sustainable Construction:
A Review of Mechanical Properties and Environmental Impact - Hass Lauri, Bos Freek, Salet Theo (2024-12)
Bond Governed Interactions Between Helical Reinforcement and 3D Printed Concrete - Heever Marchant, Plessis Anton, Kruger Jacques, Zijl Gideon (2022-01)
Evaluating the Effects of Porosity on the Mechanical Properties of Extrusion-Based 3D Printed Concrete - Hlobil Michal, Michel Luca, Pundir Mohit, Kammer David (2025-03)
A Thermo-Hygro Model to Determine the Factors Dictating Cold Joint Formation in 3D Printed Concrete - Huang Xin, Yang Weihao, Song Fangnian, Zou Jiuqun (2022-04)
Study on the Mechanical Properties of 3D Printing Concrete Layers and the Mechanism of Influence of Printing Parameters - Jagoda Jeneé, Diggs-McGee Brandy, Kreiger Megan, Schuldt Steven (2020-04)
The Viability and Simplicity of 3D Printed Construction:
A Military Case Study - Jia Lutao, Dong Enlai, Xia Kailun, Niu Geng et al. (2025-04)
Initial Plastic Shrinkage of 3D-Printed Concrete Incorporating Recycled Brick Fine Aggregates:
Insights from Water Transport and Structural Evolution - Jia Zijian, Kong Lingyu, Jia Lutao, Ma Lei et al. (2024-04)
Printability and Mechanical Properties of 3D Printing Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Incorporating Limestone-Powder - Jia Zijian, Zhou Mengting, Chen Yu, Wang Wei et al. (2024-03)
Effect of Steel-Fiber Shape and Content on Printability, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 3D Printable High-Strength Cementitious Materials - Jiang Quan, Liu Qiang, Wu Si, Zheng Hong et al. (2022-06)
Modification Effect of Nano-Silica and Polypropylene-Fiber for Extrusion-Based 3D Printing Concrete:
Printability and Mechanical Anisotropy - Jiang Youbau, Liu Yan, Zhang Zupan, Gao Pengxiang et al. (2025-03)
Tensile Performance of Interlayer Interface of Interlocking 3D Printed Concrete with Single Toothlike Nozzle - Kazemian Ali, Yuan Xiao, Meier Ryan, Khoshnevis Behrokh (2019-02)
Performance-Based Testing of Portland Cement Concrete for Construction-Scale 3D Printing - Khanverdi Mohsen, Das Sreekanta (2025-03)
Experimental Study on Water Penetration and Thermal Resistance of Large-Scale 3D-Printed Cementitious Walls - Khoshnevis Behrokh (2003-11)
Automated Construction by Contour Crafting:
Related Robotics and Information Technologies - Kolawole John, Buswell Richard, Mahmood Sultan, Isa Muhammed et al. (2025-02)
On the Origins of Anisotropy of Extrusion-Based 3D Printed Concrete:
The Roles of Filament Skin and Agglomeration - Kruger Jacques, Plessis Anton, Zijl Gideon (2020-12)
An Investigation into the Porosity of Extrusion-Based 3D Printed Concrete - Kruger Jacques, Zijl Gideon (2020-10)
A Compendious Review on Lack-of-Fusion in Digital Concrete Fabrication - Le Thanh, Austin Simon, Lim Sungwoo, Buswell Richard et al. (2012-01)
Hardened Properties of High-Performance Printing Concrete - Liu Chao, Chen Yuning, Xiong Yuanliang, Jia Lutao et al. (2022-06)
Influence of Hydroxypropyl-Methylcellulose and Silica-Fume on Buildability of 3D Printing Foam-Concrete:
From Water State and Flocculation Point of View - Liu Xinhao, Hu Jiajun, Guo Xiaolu (2024-03)
Printability and Inter-Layer Bonding Property of 3D Printed Fiber-Reinforced Geopolymer - Liu Junli, Li Shuai, Fox Kate, Tran Jonathan (2021-12)
3D Concrete Printing of Bio-Inspired Bouligand Structure:
A Study on Impact-Resistance - Liu Chao, Li Xin, Wu Yiwen, Liu Huawei et al. (2025-03)
Impact of External Loading on the Time-Dependent Evolution of 3D Printed Concrete with Recycled Sand in the Green State - Liu Chao, Liang Zhan, Liu Huawei, Wu Yiwen et al. (2025-03)
Seismic Performance of 3D Printed Reinforced Concrete Walls:
Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation - Liu Huawei, Wang Yifei, Zhu Chao, Wu Yiwen et al. (2024-11)
Design of 3D Printed Concrete Masonry for Wall Structures:
Mechanical Behavior and Strength Calculation Methods Under Various Loads - Ma Lei, Zhang Qing, Lombois-Burger Hélène, Jia Zijian et al. (2022-09)
Pore-Structure, Internal Relative Humidity, and Fiber-Orientation of 3D Printed Concrete with Polypropylene-Fiber and Their Relation with Shrinkage - Mendoza Reales Oscar, Duda Pedro, Silva Emílio, Paiva Maria et al. (2019-06)
Nanosilica-Particles as Structural Buildup Agents for 3D Printing with Portland Cement-Pastes - Mo Yixin, Xing Jianchun, Yue Songlin, Zhang Yamei et al. (2022-04)
Dynamic Properties of 3D Printed Cement Mortar Based on Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar Testing - Moelich Gerrit, Kruger Jacques, Combrinck Riaan (2021-09)
Modelling the Inter-Layer Bond Strength of 3D Printed Concrete with Surface Moisture - Mohamed Osama, Mishra Anamika, Isam Fida (2025-05)
An Overview of 3D Printed Concrete for Building Structures:
Material Properties, Sustainability, Future Opportunities, and Challenges - Napolitano Rosanna, Forni Daniele, Menna Costantino, Asprone Domenico et al. (2021-11)
Dynamic Characterization of the Layer-Interface Properties of 3D Printed Concrete Elements - Nerella Venkatesh, Hempel Simone, Mechtcherine Viktor (2019-02)
Effects of Layer-Interface Properties on Mechanical Performance of Concrete Elements Produced by Extrusion-Based 3D Printing - Pasupathy Kirubajiny, Ramakrishnan Sayanthan, Sanjayan Jay (2022-07)
Enhancing the Properties of Foam-Concrete 3D Printing Using Porous Aggregates - Putten Jolien, Snoeck Didier, Coensel R., Schutter Geert et al. (2020-12)
Early-Age Shrinkage Phenomena of 3D Printed Cementitious Materials with Superabsorbent Polymers - Qi Pengfei, Wang Ziyuan, Yu Ruifang, Pei Qiang et al. (2025-05)
Optimization Design and Regression Model Analysis of Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Concrete - Sangiorgio Valentino, Bianchi Iacopo, Forcellese Archimede (2025-02)
Advancing Decarbonization Through 3D Printed Concrete Formworks:
LIFE Cycle Analysis of Technologies, Materials, and Processes - Sanjayan Jay, Nematollahi Behzad, Xia Ming, Marchment Taylor (2018-04)
Effect of Surface Moisture on Inter-Layer Strength of 3D Printed Concrete - Sanjayan Jay, Nematollahi Behzad, Xia Ming, Marchment Taylor (2021-06)
Effect of Surface Moisture on Inter-Layer Strength of 3D Printed Concrete:
Correction - Schutter Geert, Lesage Karel, Mechtcherine Viktor, Nerella Venkatesh et al. (2018-08)
Vision of 3D Printing with Concrete:
Technical, Economic and Environmental Potentials - Shazad Qamar, Li Fangyuan (2025-01)
Interfacial Bond-Effects on Shear-Strength and Damage in 3D Printed Concrete Structures:
A Combined Experimental and Numerical Study - Shilar Fatheali, Ganachari Sharanabasava, Patil Veerabhadragouda, Bhojaraja B. et al. (2023-08)
A Review of 3D Printing of Geopolymer Composites for Structural and Functional Applications - Si Qi, Zhang Wenna, Pan Zhihong, Zheng Jianqiang et al. (2025-04)
Study on the Mechanical and Durability Properties of 3D-Printed Bamboo Fiber-Reinforced Concrete - Sikora Paweł, Skibicki Szymon, Chougan Mehdi, Szewczyk Piotr et al. (2025-03)
Silica-Coated Admixtures of Bismuth and Gadolinium Oxides for 3D Printed Concrete Applications:
Rheology, Hydration, Strength, Microstructure, and Radiation Shielding Perspective - Silva Guido, Quispe Axcel, Baldoceda Jordan, Kim Suyeon et al. (2024-02)
Additive Construction of Concrete Deep Beams Using Low-Cost Characterization Methods and FEM-Based Topological Optimization - Singh Amardeep, Wang Yufei, Zhou Yiyi, Sun Junbo et al. (2023-10)
Utilization of Antimony-Tailings in Fiber-Reinforced 3D Printed Concrete:
A Sustainable Approach for Construction Materials - Sun Junbo, Wang Yufei, Yang Xin, Wang Haihong et al. (2025-01)
Red Mud Utilization in Fiber-Reinforced 3D Printed Concrete:
Mechanical Properties and Environmental Impact Analysis - Sun Hou-Qi, Zeng Jun-Jie, Hong Guang-Yao, Zhuge Yan et al. (2025-01)
3D Printed Functionally Graded Concrete Plates:
Concept and Bending Behavior - Tang Boyang, Yan Jiachuan, Han Xiaoyu, Lin Yini et al. (2025-05)
Mechanical Properties of Extrusion-Based 3D-Printed Concrete Considering the Thickness of the Printed Layer and Printing Time Interval - Tay Yi, Lim Jian, Li Mingyang, Tan Ming (2022-03)
Creating Functionally Graded Concrete Materials with Varying 3D Printing Parameters - Tay Yi, Ting Guan, Qian Ye, Panda Biranchi et al. (2018-07)
Time-Gap-Effect on Bond Strength of 3D Printed Concrete - Torelli Giacomo, Fernández Mar, Lees Janet (2020-02)
Functionally Graded Concrete:
Design Objectives, Production Techniques and Analysis Methods for Layered and Continuously Graded Elements - Vantyghem Gieljan, Corte Wouter, Shakour Emad, Amir Oded (2020-01)
3D Printing of a Post-Tensioned Concrete Girder Designed by Topology-Optimization - Wang Qiang, Yang Wenwei, Wang Li, Bai Gang et al. (2025-03)
Reinforcement Design and Structural Performance for the Topology Optimized 3D Printed Concrete Truss Beams - Wolfs Robert, Bos Freek, Salet Theo (2019-03)
Hardened Properties of 3D Printed Concrete:
The Influence of Process Parameters on Inter-Layer Adhesion - Wu Yiwen, Liu Chao, Bai Guoliang, Liu Huawei et al. (2024-05)
Effect of Time Interval on the Inter-Layer Adhesion of 3D Printed Concrete with Recycled Sand:
Multi-Factor Influencing Mechanisms and Superabsorbent Polymer Enhancement - Xiao Jianzhuang, Ji Guangchao, Zhang Yamei, Ma Guowei et al. (2021-06)
Large-Scale 3D Printing Concrete Technology:
Current Status and Future Opportunities - Xu Yanqun, Yuan Qiang, Li Zemin, Shi Caijun et al. (2021-09)
Correlation of Inter-Layer Properties and Rheological Behaviors of 3DPC with Various Printing Time Intervals - Yalçınkaya Çağlar (2022-03)
Influence of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Dosage on the Mechanical Properties of 3D Printable Mortars with and without Fiber-Reinforcement - Yang Wenwei, Wang Li, Hu Yuanyuan, Sanjayan Jay et al. (2023-10)
An Integrated Topology-Optimization Method Including Manufacturing-Constraints for 3D Printed Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Structures - Yang Yekai, Wu Chengqing, Liu Zhongxian, Li Jun et al. (2022-02)
Characteristics of 3D Printing Ultra-High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Under Impact Loading - Yang Yekai, Wu Chengqing, Liu Zhongxian, Wang Hailiang et al. (2021-10)
Mechanical Anisotropy of Ultra-High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete for 3D Printing - Zhang Ketao, Chermprayong Pisak, Xiao Feng, Tzoumanikas Dimos et al. (2022-09)
Aerial Additive Manufacturing with Multiple Autonomous Robots - Zhang Chao, Deng Zhicong, Chen Chun, Zhang Yamei et al. (2022-03)
Predicting the Static Yield-Stress of 3D Printable Concrete Based on Flowability of Paste and Thickness of Excess-Paste-Layer - Zhang Chao, Jia Zijian, Luo Zhe, Deng Zhicong et al. (2022-11)
Printability and Pore-Structure of 3D Printing Low-Carbon Concrete Using Recycled Clay-Brick-Powder with Various Particle-Features - Zhang Chao, Jia Zijian, Wang Xianggang, Jia Lutao et al. (2022-05)
A Two-Phase Design-Strategy Based on the Composite of Mortar and Coarse Aggregate for 3D Printable Concrete with Coarse Aggregate - Zhang Chao, Nerella Venkatesh, Krishna Anurag, Wang Shen et al. (2021-06)
Mix-Design Concepts for 3D Printable Concrete:
A Review - Zhang Jingchuan, Wang Jialiang, Dong Sufen, Yu Xun et al. (2019-07)
A Review of the Current Progress and Application of 3D Printed Concrete - Zhang Yu, Zhang Yunsheng, Liu Guojian, Yang Yonggan et al. (2018-04)
Fresh Properties of a Novel 3D Printing Concrete Ink - Zhang Yuying, Zhu Xiaohong, Li Muduo, Zhang Chao et al. (2025-04)
3D Printing Technology in Concrete Construction - Zhou Jiehang, Du Longyu, Lai Jianzhong, Wang Qiang et al. (2022-03)
Preparation and High-Velocity Impact Experiment for Three-Dimensional-Printed Concrete - Zhou Wen, McGee Wesley, Gökçe H., Li Victor (2023-08)
A Bio-Inspired Solution to Alleviate Anisotropy of 3D Printed Engineered Cementitious Composites (3DP-ECC):
Knitting/Tilting Filaments - Zhou Wen, Zhang Yamei, Ma Lei, Li Victor (2022-04)
Influence of Printing Parameters on 3D Printing Engineered Cementitious Composites - Zhou Biao, Zhou Hongru, Yoshioka Hideki, Noguchi Takafumi et al. (2025-04)
Mechanical and Microstructure Evolution of 3D Printed Concrete Interlayer at Elevated Temperatures - Zhu Binrong, Pan Jinlong, Li Junrui, Wang Penghui et al. (2022-07)
Relationship Between Microstructure and Strain-Hardening Behavior of 3D Printed Engineered Cementitious Composites
0 Citations
BibTeX
@article{zhan_ren_zhan_guo.2025.AIRDT3PCT,
author = "Chao Zhang and Juanjuan Ren and Shihao Zhang and Yipu Guo and Ning Li and Wengui Li and Fulin Qu",
title = "Advanced Impact Resistance Design Through 3D-Printed Concrete Technology: Unleashing the Potential of Additive Manufacturing for Protective Structures",
doi = "10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113533",
year = "2025",
journal = "Journal of Building Engineering",
pages = "113533",
}
Formatted Citation
C. Zhang, “Advanced Impact Resistance Design Through 3D-Printed Concrete Technology: Unleashing the Potential of Additive Manufacturing for Protective Structures”, Journal of Building Engineering, p. 113533, 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113533.
Zhang, Chao, Juanjuan Ren, Shihao Zhang, Yipu Guo, Ning Li, Wengui Li, and Fulin Qu. “Advanced Impact Resistance Design Through 3D-Printed Concrete Technology: Unleashing the Potential of Additive Manufacturing for Protective Structures”. Journal of Building Engineering, 2025, 113533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113533.