Low-Carbon 3D-Printed Geopolymer Ultra-High-Strength Concrete Enabled by Soda Residue (2026-03)¶
Lu Pengyuan, , Zhao Qingxin, Liu Zhongxian,
Journal Article - Journal of Building Engineering, Vol. 123, No. 115922
Abstract
Conventional cement-based 3D-printed ultra-high-strength concrete (3DP-UHSC) suffers from high carbon emissions and energy consumption due to excessive cement usage. This study developed a novel low-carbon geopolymer-based 3D-printed ultra-high-strength concrete (G-3DP-UHSC) and investigates its preparation and performance optimization. The influences of geopolymer binder replacement ratio, water-to-binder ratio (w/b), and sodium gluconate (SG) dosage on fresh properties, printability, and mechanical performance were systematically investigated. Results indicate that direct replacement of cement with a geopolymer binder reduces superplasticizer efficiency and weakens printability, while increasing the w/b ratio improves printability but lowers strength. SG effectively extends the setting time and enhances fluidity. At w/b = 0.22 with 5% SG, a cement-free G-3DP-UHSC was obtained, achieving 132.6 MPa in cast strength and 118.5 MPa in 3D-printed Z-direction strength. Compared with cement-based 3DP-UHSC, the proposed G-3DP-UHSC significantly reduces energy consumption and CO2 emissions, highlighting its strong potential as a sustainable alternative for advanced 3D-printed construction materials.
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0 Citations
BibTeX
@article{lu_yang_zhao_liu.2026.LC3PGUHSCEbSR,
author = "Pengyuan Lu and Yekai Yang and Qingxin Zhao and Zhongxian Liu and Chengqing Wu",
title = "Low-Carbon 3D-Printed Geopolymer Ultra-High-Strength Concrete Enabled by Soda Residue: Sustainable Development and Environmental Impact Assessment",
doi = "10.1016/j.jobe.2026.115922",
year = "2026",
journal = "Journal of Building Engineering",
volume = "123",
pages = "115922",
}
Formatted Citation
P. Lu, Y. Yang, Q. Zhao, Z. Liu and C. Wu, “Low-Carbon 3D-Printed Geopolymer Ultra-High-Strength Concrete Enabled by Soda Residue: Sustainable Development and Environmental Impact Assessment”, Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 123, p. 115922, 2026, doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2026.115922.
Lu, Pengyuan, Yekai Yang, Qingxin Zhao, Zhongxian Liu, and Chengqing Wu. “Low-Carbon 3D-Printed Geopolymer Ultra-High-Strength Concrete Enabled by Soda Residue: Sustainable Development and Environmental Impact Assessment”. Journal of Building Engineering 123 (2026): 115922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2026.115922.