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Development of Green 3D Printable Cementitious Composites Using Multi-Response Optimisation Method (2025-09)

10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e05360

Rahman Mahfuzur,  An Dong,  Rawat Sanket, Yang Richard, Zhang Y.
Journal Article - Case Studies in Construction Materials, Vol. 23, No. e05360

Abstract

3D printing is a new but one of the most sustainable and revolutionary manufacturing technologies for the construction sector. The printability relies on fresh properties; hence, effective mix design requires a systematic optimisation approach. This paper, for the first time, develops a green and 3D printable cementitious composite (3DP-CC) employing the Taguchi-based TOPSIS optimisation method, and a high volume of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) is used, in replacement of cement, which has been commonly used in 3DP-CC. The developed optimisation material design method and 3D printing materials consider nine performance criteria encompassing fresh and mechanical properties and sustainability aspects, including flowability, buildability, mini-slump, deformation, weighted mini-slump, 1-day and 28-day compressive strength, flexural strength, and CO2 emission rate. Three factors, each with three control levels, are analysed, including GGBFS content (50 %, 60 %, 70 %), superplasticiser (SP) dosage (4, 5, 6 L/m³ of mortar), and viscosity modifying agent (VMA) dosage (4, 8, 12 L/m³ of mortar). The mix, with 60 % GGBFS content, SP dosage and VMA dosage of 5 L/m³ and 8 L/m³ is determined to be the optimal mix via using the devised optimisation method, and the optimal mix design is validated by 3D printing, demonstrating favourable printability performance.

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0 Citations

BibTeX 
@article{rahm_an_rawa_yang.2025.DoG3PCCUMROM,
  author            = "Mahfuzur Rahman and Dong An and Sanket Rawat and Richard Yang and Y. X. Zhang",
  title             = "Development of Green 3D Printable Cementitious Composites Using Multi-Response Optimisation Method",
  doi               = "10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e05360",
  year              = "2025",
  journal           = "Case Studies in Construction Materials",
  volume            = "23",
  pages             = "e05360",
}
Formatted Citation

M. Rahman, D. An, S. Rawat, R. Yang and Y. X. Zhang, “Development of Green 3D Printable Cementitious Composites Using Multi-Response Optimisation Method”, Case Studies in Construction Materials, vol. 23, p. e05360, 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e05360.

Rahman, Mahfuzur, Dong An, Sanket Rawat, Richard Yang, and Y. X. Zhang. “Development of Green 3D Printable Cementitious Composites Using Multi-Response Optimisation Method”. Case Studies in Construction Materials 23 (2025): e05360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e05360.