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Extrudability in 3D Printing (2025-11)

A Comprehensive Approach to S/C, W/C Ratios and Superplasticizer Content

10.1007/978-981-95-2266-8_51

Mani Aravindhraj,  Sekar Muthu
Contribution - International Conference on Civil Engineering Innovative Development in Engineering Advances, pp. 477-484

Abstract

3D printing in construction has driven research on optimizing printable mix formulations. Key parameters like water-cement (W/C) ratio, sand-cement (S/C) ratio, and superplasticizer dosage influence mix rheology and extrudability. This study investigates how variations in these ratios affect printability using a lab-scale extrusion setup. Slump cone and flow table tests assess extrudability. Lower W/C ratios improve extrusion by reducing mix viscosity. Proper superplasticizer levels enhance flowability by dispersing cement particles. However, excessive dosage can cause segregation and slump loss. The findings help identify optimal mix proportions, supporting advancements in 3D concrete printing.

BibTeX
@inproceedings{mani_seka.2025.Ei3P,
  author            = "Aravindhraj Mani and Muthu Kumar Sekar",
  title             = "Extrudability in 3D Printing: A Comprehensive Approach to S/C, W/C Ratios and Superplasticizer Content",
  doi               = "10.1007/978-981-95-2266-8_51",
  year              = "2025",
  volume            = "758",
  pages             = "477--484",
  booktitle         = "International Conference on Civil Engineering Innovative Development in Engineering Advances",
}
Formatted Citation

A. Mani and M. K. Sekar, “Extrudability in 3D Printing: A Comprehensive Approach to S/C, W/C Ratios and Superplasticizer Content”, in International Conference on Civil Engineering Innovative Development in Engineering Advances, 2025, vol. 758, pp. 477–484. doi: 10.1007/978-981-95-2266-8_51.

Mani, Aravindhraj, and Muthu Kumar Sekar. “Extrudability in 3D Printing: A Comprehensive Approach to S/C, W/C Ratios and Superplasticizer Content”. In International Conference on Civil Engineering Innovative Development in Engineering Advances, 758:477–84, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-2266-8_51.