Smart 3D-Printed Concrete (2025-11)¶
10.14455/isec.2025.12(1).cte-46
Manickavasakam Karnan, Huri Mohammed, Kharma Khaled, Hosan Anwar, al Osta Mohammed,
Journal Article - Proceedings of International Structural Engineering and Construction, Vol. 12, Iss. 1
Abstract
3D-printed concrete (3DPC) is revolutionizing the construction industry by enabling fast, sustainable, and highly customizable building solutions. In addition to speed and design flexibility, 3DPC can be engineered into a smart, self-sensing material capable of realtime structural health monitoring, making it a key component of future smart construction. This review aims to critically assess recent literature on strategies to impart self-sensing functionality to 3DPC through nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, and MXenes, as well as functional reinforcements including carbon and hybrid fibers. It also highlights how tailored material additions enhance 3DPC’s sensing capabilities, while strongly influencing rheology, printability, and workability– performance trade-offs. Finally, the review highlights current limitations, including scalability, durability, and cost barriers, and considers future opportunities involving artificial intelligence, digital twins, and multifunctional materials. Since integrating selfsensing reinforcements into 3DPC can bring significant environmental, economic, and technical benefits, further research and development in this emerging field is highly encouraged.
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BibTeX
@article{mani_huri_khar_hosa.2025.S3PC,
author = "Karnan Manickavasakam and Mohammed A. al Huri and Khaled M. Kharma and Anwar Hosan and Mohammed A. al Osta and Md Abdul Aziz",
title = "Smart 3D-Printed Concrete: Recent Advances in Self-Sensing Mix Design and Functional Reinforcements",
doi = "10.14455/isec.2025.12(1).cte-46",
year = "2025",
journal = "Proceedings of International Structural Engineering and Construction",
volume = "12",
number = "1",
}
Formatted Citation
K. Manickavasakam, M. A. al Huri, K. M. Kharma, A. Hosan, M. A. al Osta and M. A. Aziz, “Smart 3D-Printed Concrete: Recent Advances in Self-Sensing Mix Design and Functional Reinforcements”, Proceedings of International Structural Engineering and Construction, vol. 12, no. 1, 2025, doi: 10.14455/isec.2025.12(1).cte-46.
Manickavasakam, Karnan, Mohammed A. al Huri, Khaled M. Kharma, Anwar Hosan, Mohammed A. al Osta, and Md Abdul Aziz. “Smart 3D-Printed Concrete: Recent Advances in Self-Sensing Mix Design and Functional Reinforcements”. Proceedings of International Structural Engineering and Construction 12, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.14455/isec.2025.12(1).cte-46.